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:: Volume 1, Issue 60 (winter 2025) ::
islamhistory 2025, 1(60): 87-91 Back to browse issues page
Kidney and Bladder Stones in Iranian Medicine: Elucidating Etiology, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Approaches to Treatment
Javad Ghazi * , Mahsa Aliari
Abstract:   (7 Views)
 Kidney and bladder stone disease is among the common disorders of the urinary system and has been examined with considerable precision and detail in classical texts of Iranian medicine. Physicians such as Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi and Ibn Sina, drawing on clinical observations, explained this disorder in relation to the quality of digestion, the temperament of the organs, the anatomical structure of the urinary passages, and lifestyle factors. Using a descriptive-analytical method and based on the direct examination of primary medical texts, the present study systematically analyzes the perspectives of traditional Iranian medicine regarding the causes, signs and symptoms, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of kidney and bladder stones. The findings indicate that traditional Iranian physicians regarded the differentiation of renal stone pain from disorders with similar manifestations, particularly colic, as a major diagnostic challenge and proposed precise clinical criteria for differential diagnosis. In their explanation of pathophysiology, particular emphasis was placed on the production of thick and viscous substances resulting from impaired digestion, narrowing of the urinary passages, and the cold temperament of the kidneys. Preventive measures were primarily based on dietary modification, lifestyle adjustment, and periodic bodily cleansing, while treatment followed a stepwise approach ranging from pain relief to pharmacological interventions and limited surgical procedures. Overall, this study demonstrates that Iranian medicine approached urinary calculi through a coherent framework grounded in clinical observation and characterized by a distinct preventive rationale.
Keywords: kidney stones, bladder stones, Iranian medicine, colic, traditional medicine.
Full-Text [PDF 591 kb]   (14 Downloads)    
Type of Study: case report | Subject: Special
Received: 2025/09/16 | Accepted: 2025/12/11
References
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ghazi J, Aliari M. Kidney and Bladder Stones in Iranian Medicine: Elucidating Etiology, Differential Diagnosis, and Clinical Approaches to Treatment. islamhistory 2025; 1 (60) :87-91
URL: http://journal.isihistory.ir/article-1-1576-en.html


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Volume 1, Issue 60 (winter 2025) Back to browse issues page
پژوهش نامه تاریخ اسلام (فصلنامه انجمن ایرانی تاریخ اسلام) Quartely Research Journal of Islamic History
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