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The Role of Monumental Structures in the Formation of Communication Routes during the Middle Islamic Centuries
(A Case Study: Bijar-Garrus Region)
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Ali Behnia    |
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Abstract: (746 Views) |
Monumental structures are among the most common public buildings in Islamic architecture after mosques. Archaeological surveys conducted in the Bijar-Garrus region, located in eastern Kurdistan Province, have identified eight such monuments. Due to the region’s strategic position along the communication routes connecting northwestern to western Iran, as well as its proximity to major political centers such as Maragheh, Soltaniyeh, and Takht-e Soleyman, these monuments—beyond their commemorative function—also served as guiding towers (mil-e rahnamā) for caravans traveling through the area. The aim of this study is to introduce these monumental structures in order to provide a clearer understanding of the communication networks in the Islamic periods of the Bijar-Garrus region. Comparing the characteristics of these guiding towers with those of neighboring regions—particularly the Zanjan plain, which shares similar environmental and cultural conditions—offers valuable insights into the formation of these routes. The main question addressed in this research is: What factors contributed to the creation of the monumental buildings in the Bijar-Garrus region, and to what extent did they influence the reconstruction of historical communication routes? The findings suggest that environmental and socio-political factors—such as proximity to major political centers of the era, the safety of routes ensured by strong local rulers, and favorable environmental conditions (access to water and the presence of numerous villages)—played a significant role in the development of these towers during the Seljuk and Ilkhanid periods. The research adopts a historical–analytical approach, relying on field observations, photographic documentation, and the examination of historical texts and archival materials.
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| Keywords: Monumental buildings, funerary towers, Bijar-Garrus, Ilkhanid architecture, guide towers (mil-e rahnamā). |
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Full-Text [PDF 1967 kb]
(379 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/08/2 | Accepted: 2024/10/30
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